Kevo is right.
Beyond making them smaller, high pressure forces the bubbles to go into solution. It's exactly the opposite of what happens when you open a bottle of sparkling water (coke etc.)
If you don't purge the bubbles through the top or through the bleed valve at the bottom, the mushyness will very likely come back.
The first part of the travel when you squeeze the lever, actually bleeds the master cylinder a little (this is the part thatr squirts brake fluid all over your paint if there is no deflector installed in the reservoir. You can use this to get bubbles out of the top. They usually hide in the banjo bolt.
If there are bubbles in the caliper, they will be above the brake line right at the bleed valve, which is usually located at the highest point in the caliper just for this reason. Since they are already above the brake line, they can't find their way up the line and into the master cylinder to be bled out during the first part of the stroke.
-Paul