Interpolation
As GPS does not deliver positions continuously, but as distinct fixes with a certain update rate (e. g. 1 Hz), the fix will be
never ‘on’ the POI position. Instead, it will be slightly before or after the POI. To make things a little more complicated, it will
be slightly to the left or right too.
To get timing accuracy beyond update rates, LapTimer does sophisticated interpolation to calculate the actual point and
time the start / finish line / trigger has been passed. To accomplish this, LapTimer calculates the trigger‘s perpendicular
projection to the virtual line between the GPS fix before and the GPS fix after the trigger. Having calculated this point, the
time this point was passed is calculated by linear interpolation from the speed at the fix before, the speed at the fix after, and
the distance between these two points.
As long as the speed development is nearly linear, this interpolation yields accuracy
beyond 0.01 seconds. This is the reason why even receivers with 1 Hz update rate are sufficient for timing popular track
days.
Here is a list of accuracies typically achieved. Please note accuracy reported by GPS sensors are statistic values achieved
95% of the time. You need to expect deviations from the named accuracy accordingly.
• iPhone3G's and 3GS's internal GPS: better than 0.5 seconds (not recommended)
• iPhone4’s, 4S’s, and 5’s internal GPS: better than 0.1 seconds
• Any iPhone directly integrated with a supported external sensors (see
www.gps-laptimer.de/Compatibility.html): around
0.05 seconds, 5 Hz device better than 0.05 seconds